How to Choose and Use a Fire Extinguisher Safely

Cover image: AI-generated editorial illustration; the pictured equipment is not certified or suitable merely because it appears here.

Match the extinguisher to the fuel and site

There is no one portable extinguisher for every fire. The fuel, possible energised electrical equipment and the manufacturer’s label determine suitable equipment. The Bureau of Indian Standards compendium identifies IS 2190:2024 as the Indian code of practice for selecting, installing and maintaining portable and mobile first-aid extinguishers for specific fire hazards. A competent site assessment and current local requirements are needed before buying or placing equipment. Never assume that an ordinary water extinguisher is safe on an energised electrical hazard or cooking-oil fire.

Escape remains the first decision

Raise the alarm and make sure people can leave. Only a trained person should consider using a suitable extinguisher on a small, early-stage fire with a clear escape path and no dangerous smoke exposure. If the fire grows, the correct unit is uncertain or the exit may be lost, evacuate immediately. This is a general principle also set out in OSHA’s extinguisher-use guidance; it is not Indian law.

Keep equipment usable

Make the unit accessible, inspect and maintain it according to its marking, manufacturer and local requirements, and train intended users on the exact model. Do not use a video alone as certification. Call 112 from safety in India and do not re-enter a building until authorised. Check class labels and maintenance intervals against the actual installed equipment, not a generic online chart.

India emergency number: MHA ERSS confirms 112.